Forward Osmosis: Commercialization and Acceptance Considerations- Juniper Publishers
Juniper Publishers- Journal of Civil Engineering Keywords Keywords: Forward osmosis; Desalination; Thermodynamic Abbreviations: FO: Forward Osmosis; O&G: Oil & Gas; WDR: Water Desalination Report; MBR: Membrane Bioreactor; HTI: Hydration Technology Innovations Introduction Until recently, forward osmosis (FO) has been primarily an academic pursuit. Significant scientific work and development have further advanced the technology, opened new applications, and improved both the financial and technical merits of the process. However, limited publicly available information on real world applications, cost data, and experience with engineered applications of FO has limited market acceptance and penetration. FO is now growing rapidly due to recent technical innovations, better suited applications, increased demand for novel solutions for difficult waters, and increased exposure. This work seeks to give an expert's perspective