Juniper Publishers: Prevalence of Frailty Among Elders in Rural Lebano...

Juniper Publishers: Prevalence of Frailty Among Elders in Rural Lebano...:  Gerontology & Geriatric Medicine - Juniper Publishers Summary Objective: The prevalence of frailty among elders living in rural Leba...

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Further Thoughts on the Structural Efficiency of Suspension Bridges- Juniper Publishers

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Juniper Publishers- Journal of Civil Engineering Abstract Recent proposals for very long span bridges, such as those proposed for the Straights of Messina and Gibraltar, have reopened the questions as to which forms provide feasible solutions and within those forms what particular geometries will result in the most efficient solution - in terms of both material volume and cost? While these questions can now be approached using sophisticated optimization software it would seem that simple engineering reasoning still has much to offer. The following rehearses some simple analytical approaches to the question of assessing the relative efficiencies of different bridge geometries considered in an earlier paper and uses this approach to widen the discussion and address the issues of what parametric choices within each of these different geometric classes of bridge would provide the most materially efficient solution.It compares the material efficiency of the common...
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 Civil Engineering Research Journal- Juniper Publishers   Introduction Nowadays fully three-dimensional positions - latitude, longitude and height are commonly provided by Global Positioning Systems (GPS) with WGS84 ellipsoid as a reference surface. The knowledge of terrain heights is very essential for several surveying and civil engineering works. The type of heights needed for such applications is a height above mean sea level (MSL), usually called orthometric height. A precise geoid model is required to transform GPS-based geodetic heights to orthometric height to allow such data to be directly used in surveying and civil engineering applications [1]. The process of geoid modelling can only be performed if dense networks of precise levelling or gravity and astronomical deflections of vertical are made available. Go to Objective The objective of this article is to formulate a local geoid model that would allow utilization of GNSS data in the fields of surveying and civil en...
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